Hybrid Cars Essay -- Gasoline Electric Hybrid Automobiles

1 Introduction A healthy and prosperous society is based on a healthy and prosperous economy. And during the last century, following the economic growth, the social networks expansion and the geographic dispersion of economic activities, transport became the spinal column of commercial and industrial interaction. The capacity of individuals as well as firms to exchange goods and services became crucial not only for economic purposes but also for better life quality. Unfortunately, the drawback effects of transport have an important impact on the natural and human environments on one hand, and on the growing fuel consumption accompanying the current oil crisis on another hand. Fossil fuel combustion associated to urban transport conditions lead to serious damage to fragile ecosystems and human health as well as contributing to climatic changes and global warming. This leads to the call of the environmental protection agencies and market competition all over the world for significant improvement of fuel economy of all the different classes of vehicles. Meanwhile, studies have confirmed that in recent years, fuel consumption from heavy duty vehicles has grown at a much faster rate then that of passenger cars due to an increase in the demand for transportation of goods [2]. In addition, heavy trucks and buses are normally equipped with highly efficient diesel engines, which limit the opportunities for improvements in fuel economy through studies on the engines efficiency. Consequently, hybrid propulsion systems can be critical solutions to achieve future fuel economy goals for heavy duty vehicles [3]. 2 What is a Hybrid Car. A hybrid car is a vehicle that uses a combination of at least two different fuel sources for its prop... ...ice for Hybrid Powertrain Applications†, SAE paper 2005-01-0810, 2005 . [2] – Wu, Lin, Filipi, Peng, Assanis, â€Å"Optimization of power management strategies for a Hydraulic Hybrid Medium Truck†, the university of Michigan, Advanced vehicle control conference, Hiroshima, Japan, September 2002. [3] – Buchwald, Christensen, Larsen and Pedersen, â€Å"Improvement of City bus Fuel Economy Using a Hydraulic Hybrid Propulsion System – a Theoretical and Experimental Study†, SAE Paper 790305, Warrendale, 1979. [4] – Filipi, Louca, Daran, Lin, Yildir, Wu, Kokkolaras, Assanis, Szkubiel and Chapp, â€Å"Combined optimization of design and power management of the hydraulic hybrid propulsion system for the 6x6 medium truck† , Automotive research center, University of Michigan, National Automotive Center, US Army RDECOM, 2004. [5] – www.hybridcars.com [6] – www.consumerreports.org

Glory Field Essay

Courage in The Glory Field by John C. Wipler The Glory Field, by Walter Dean Myers, is a story about an African American family, the Lewis family, through different generations. All the main characters in the book make important decisions that change their lives forever. There are many examples of bravery in the book, but three character stand out. Lizzy, Luvenia, and Tommy all show acts of courage. Lizzy, a slave working on a plantation in 1864, showed courage when she makes decisions that could endanger her life. First, she showed courage when Lem, another slave, has been bound to the tree in the middle of a field as punishment by Mr.Joe Haynes, the plantation overseer. She supports Lem by bringing him water. This was courageous because Lizzy knew if she was caught, she would be tortured as Mr. Joe Haynes was doing to Lem. Unfortunately, she was caught and was whipped until Joshua, another slave, tackled Mr. Joe Haynes to save her. All of them knew that if they did not run away fro m the Glory Field, they would be killed. â€Å"‘Go on, girl, before you break everybody’s heart. ’ a voice from the darkness said†¦ ‘Don’t turn back’ (a lady said). Lizzy stopped, looked down, took a deep breath, and continued (to walk away from the plantation). Once again, Lizzy has shown courage by leaving The Glory Field even though it was the only home she had ever known. Luvenia, a descendant of the Lewis family, living in Chicago in 1930, showed courage when she chose independence over taking the easy route. Luvenia chooses to stay in Chicago instead of going with her father to the Glory Field, which now is owned by their relatives. She knew she would have to support herself in Chicago but, to her, going to the Glory Field for work would feel like returning to slavery.Luvenia decides to make money in Chicago by doing hair. â€Å"‘Mr. Etta,’ Luvenia took a deep breath. ‘Is there any place around here where I coul d do hair†¦? ’ ‘You mean you going to try to make it on your own? ’ Mrs. Etta asked†¦ ‘I think I can do it, Miss Etta. I know I can! ’† Luvenia showcases her courage when she stays in Chicago alone instead of being safe and going with her father to The Glory Field. Tommy—a boy living in Johnson City, South Carolina in January, 1964—had an extreme amount of courage when he handcuffed himself to the sheriff.

Relationship Between Diabetes And Depression - 2017 Words

Intro Throughout high school, I worked in an antenatal clinic that provided services to a number of underprivileged women during and after their pregnancies. Many women suffered from severe depression and often times social workers had to called to prevent the women from committing suicide. Common among the women, who generally suffered from a wide variety of afflictions, was diabetes. In this paper I chose to explore the relationship between diabetes and depression in pregnant women. PPD Postpartum depression (PPD) is a mild-to- severe mood disorder that develops in 10-20% of mothers in the U.S. annually, following birth of their baby. Women often experience anxiety, hopelessness, sadness, apathy towards newborn, mood swings, and crying spells, which can last three months to a year. These women have difficulty bonding with the baby, are withdrawn from friends and family, are irritable and have thoughts of harming self or baby or both. If untreated PPD may persist for many months. PPD affects the health of both mother and child, interfering with the development of mother-child relationships. Children of depressed mothers have been shown to develop significant emotional cognitive and developmental delays. PPD is more commonly seen in teenage mothers and mothers of lower socio economic status (Kozhimannil K.B, et al.,2009), something I can attest to from my work in the clinic. PPD is now considered the â€Å"most significant obstetrical complication† and elevated to â€Å"globalShow MoreRelatedCarper, M., Traeger, L., Gonzalez, J., Wexler, D., Psaros,1150 Words   |  5 PagesThe differential associations of depression and diabetes distress with quality of life domains in type 2 diabetes. Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 37, 501-510. http://ezproxy.deakin.edu.au/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=ccmAN=103944893site=ehost-livescope=site The article by Carper et al. 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